Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hierarchy of Motor Control01:18

Hierarchy of Motor Control

The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.
Controller Configurations01:22

Controller Configurations

Controller configurations are crucial in a car's cruise control system because they manage speed over time to maintain a consistent pace regardless of road conditions, thereby meeting design goals. In traditional control systems, fixed-configuration design involves predetermined controller placement. System performance modifications are known as compensation.
Control-system compensation involves various configurations, most commonly series or cascade compensation, in which the controller aligns...
Feedback control systems01:26

Feedback control systems

Feedback control systems are categorized in various ways based on their design, analysis, and signal types.
Linear feedback systems are theoretical models that simplify analysis and design. These systems operate under the principle that their output is directly proportional to their input within certain ranges. For instance, an amplifier in a control system behaves linearly as long as the input signal remains within a specific range. However, most physical systems exhibit inherent nonlinearity...
Open and closed-loop control systems01:17

Open and closed-loop control systems

Control systems are foundational elements in automation and engineering. They are broadly categorized into open-loop and closed-loop systems. These classifications hinge on the presence or absence of feedback mechanisms, significantly influencing the system's performance, complexity, and application.
An open-loop control system operates without feedback from the output. It consists of two primary elements: the controller and the controlled process. The controller receives an input signal and...
Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
Direct Motor Pathways01:11

Direct Motor Pathways

The direct motor pathways, also known as the pyramidal tracts, are a group of neural pathways that originate in the brain and descend through the spinal cord. They control the voluntary movement of the body. There are two major direct motor pathways: the corticospinal and the corticobulbar tracts.
The corticospinal tract is responsible for the voluntary movement of the limbs and trunk. It originates in the cerebral cortex of the brain and descends through the cerebrum's internal capsule and the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Informing robot design through early public engagement: lay perceptions of soft versus rigid socially assistive and rescue robots.

Frontiers in robotics and AI·2026
Same author

Motor errors lead to enhanced performance in older adults.

Scientific reports·2017
Same author

Aging and Sensory Substitution in a Virtual Navigation Task.

PloS one·2016
Same author

Toward Perceiving Robots as Humans: Three Handshake Models Face the Turing-Like Handshake Test.

IEEE transactions on haptics·2016
Same author

Perception and Action in Teleoperated Needle Insertion.

IEEE transactions on haptics·2015
Same author

Fast, accurate reaching movements with a visual-to-auditory sensory substitution device.

Restorative neurology and neuroscience·2012

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface
11:54

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface

Published on: May 8, 2021

Early switching between movement types: indication of predictive control?

S Levy-Tzedek1, M Ben Tov, A Karniel

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. shelly@huji.ac.il

Brain Research Bulletin
|December 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Movement frequency impacts harmonicity and predictive control underlies switching between rhythmic and discrete movement types. This study explores motor control strategies during periodic movements.

More Related Videos

In Vivo Wireless Optogenetic Control of Skilled Motor Behavior
07:52

In Vivo Wireless Optogenetic Control of Skilled Motor Behavior

Published on: November 22, 2021

Studying the Neural Basis of Adaptive Locomotor Behavior in Insects
10:19

Studying the Neural Basis of Adaptive Locomotor Behavior in Insects

Published on: April 13, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface
11:54

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface

Published on: May 8, 2021

In Vivo Wireless Optogenetic Control of Skilled Motor Behavior
07:52

In Vivo Wireless Optogenetic Control of Skilled Motor Behavior

Published on: November 22, 2021

Studying the Neural Basis of Adaptive Locomotor Behavior in Insects
10:19

Studying the Neural Basis of Adaptive Locomotor Behavior in Insects

Published on: April 13, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Humans frequently transition between discrete and rhythmic movements in daily activities.
  • Periodic movements can be classified as highly harmonic or discrete-like based on their harmonicity.
  • Understanding the factors influencing these transitions is crucial for motor control research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how movement frequency affects the harmonicity of periodic movements.
  • To identify the underlying mechanisms responsible for switching between different movement types (harmonic vs. discrete-like).

Main Methods:

  • Horizontal forearm flexion/extension movements were analyzed in 13 young adults.
  • Participants performed movements at various fixed, increasing, and decreasing frequencies.
  • Movement harmonicity was assessed across the tested frequency range.

Main Results:

  • Movement harmonicity was found to be dependent on the performed frequency.
  • A reverse hysteresis effect was observed, indicating anticipatory switching.
  • Participants adjusted movement type in anticipation of upcoming frequency changes.

Conclusions:

  • Movement frequency is a key determinant of movement harmonicity.
  • Predictive control mechanisms appear to govern the switching between discrete and rhythmic movement patterns.
  • These findings offer insights into the anticipatory nature of motor control during dynamic tasks.