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Genome-wide Gene Deletions in Streptococcus sanguinis by High Throughput PCR
14:07

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Published on: November 23, 2012

Ongoing purifying selection on intergenic spacers in group A streptococcus.

Haiwei Luo1, Jijun Tang, Robert Friedman

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 700 Sumter St., SC 29208, USA.

Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases
|December 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evolutionary forces shape bacterial intergenic spacers, non-coding DNA regions crucial for gene regulation. Purifying selection and recombination influence genetic diversity in group A Streptococcus (GAS) spacers, with slightly deleterious variants impacting gene expression.

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Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations
08:03

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

Published on: December 7, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Bacterial intergenic spacers are non-coding genomic regions containing cis-regulatory elements vital for gene expression.
  • Understanding the evolutionary dynamics of these spacers is crucial for comprehending bacterial adaptation and regulation.
  • Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a significant human pathogen, making its genomic evolution a key area of study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary forces that shape the genetic diversity of intergenic spacers in group A Streptococcus (GAS).
  • To compare the evolutionary pressures on intergenic spacers with those acting on protein-coding genes.
  • To identify the presence and potential impact of deleterious variants within GAS populations.

Main Methods:

  • Population genetics analysis was applied to 13 complete genomes of group A Streptococcus (GAS).
  • Nucleotide diversity was analyzed in 5' intergenic spacers and compared with synonymous nucleotide diversity in linked protein-coding genes.
  • Tests for selection, including comparisons of nucleotide diversity and segregating sites, were performed.

Main Results:

  • Intergenic spacers exhibited reduced nucleotide diversity compared to synonymous sites in protein-coding regions, indicating purifying selection.
  • Elevated nucleotide diversity in certain spacers suggests past homologous recombination events with divergent GAS genotypes.
  • An excess of rare variants was detected in both nonsynonymous sites of genes and spacer sites, suggesting the presence of slightly deleterious mutations.

Conclusions:

  • Purifying selection and homologous recombination are significant evolutionary forces acting on GAS intergenic spacers.
  • Slightly deleterious variants in both coding and non-coding regions may influence GAS protein sequences and gene expression.
  • These findings provide insights into the complex evolutionary processes governing bacterial genome regulation and adaptation.