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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics
14:56

Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics

Published on: April 6, 2019

Global capacity for emerging infectious disease detection.

Emily H Chan1, Timothy F Brewer, Lawrence C Madoff

  • 1Division of Health Sciences and Technology, HealthMap, Children's Hospital Informatics Program, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Boston, MA 02215, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Global infectious disease surveillance has improved, with faster outbreak discovery and public communication annually. However, improvements in detection and reporting vary significantly by geographic region, with some areas showing greater progress than others.

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Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics
14:56

Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics

Published on: April 6, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Global Health Security
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • Emerging infectious diseases (e.g., SARS, H1N1) necessitate enhanced global outbreak surveillance.
  • Internet-based reporting and revised International Health Regulations (IHR 2005) aim to improve communication and surveillance frameworks.
  • Previous quantitative assessments of changes in outbreak detection and communication timeliness are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively assess changes in the timeliness of outbreak discovery and public communication over time.
  • To analyze spatial-temporal trends in outbreak detection and reporting using historical data.
  • To evaluate the impact of global health regulations on surveillance timeliness.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the World Health Organization's (WHO) Disease Outbreak News reports from 1996 to 2009.
  • Characterization of spatial-temporal trends in outbreak discovery and public communication timeliness relative to outbreak start dates.
  • Application of Cox proportional hazards regression analyses to assess annual improvement rates.

Main Results:

  • Overall timeliness of outbreak discovery improved by 7.3% annually (HR = 1.073).
  • Overall timeliness of public communication improved by 6.2% annually (HR = 1.062).
  • Significant improvements in outbreak discovery were observed only in the Western Pacific region. Eastern Mediterranean and Western Pacific regions showed significant improvements in public communication.

Conclusions:

  • Global infectious disease surveillance and public reporting timeliness have shown statistically significant annual improvements.
  • Geographic disparities exist in the extent of improvement for both outbreak discovery and public communication.
  • The study provides a quantitative historical assessment of timeliness in infectious disease detection and public reporting.