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Screening elderly people in primary care: a randomized controlled trial.

R T McEwan1, N Davison, D P Forster

  • 1Division of Community Medicine, University of Newcastle upon Tyne.

The British Journal of General Practice : the Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

A nurse-led screening program for older adults improved morale but did not significantly enhance physical health or daily living activities. The study suggests focusing on adaptation and support awareness for elderly care initiatives.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Primary Care
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Elderly populations often face complex health challenges requiring comprehensive assessment.
  • General practices are key settings for delivering health services to older adults.
  • Screening programs aim to identify health issues and improve outcomes in the elderly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a nurse-led screening program for individuals aged 75 and over.
  • To assess the program's impact on physical functioning, daily living activities, and psychological well-being.
  • To inform the objectives of proposed government initiatives for elderly home reviews.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 296 participants (aged 75+) allocated to a test group (nurse screening) or control group.

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  • The nurse screening included assessments of daily living, social functioning, mental health, medical issues, vital signs, and medication compliance.
  • Health indices were measured before and 20 months after the intervention.
  • Main Results:

    • The test group showed significantly higher scores on a morale scale compared to the control group.
    • No significant differences were found in the resolution of physical problems between the groups.
    • Participants in the test group did not report finding activities of daily living easier.

    Conclusions:

    • Nurse-led screening may enhance psychological well-being and adaptation to aging.
    • The primary benefits might stem from increased attention, education, and awareness of support systems.
    • Clarification of objectives is recommended for national elderly home review schemes.