[Review of the developmental history of robotic surgery]

The evolution of minimally invasive surgery has gradually lead to the stage of robotic surgery with unprecedented controllability and precision, little trauma, mild tenderness, rapid recovery, short hospitalization, cosmetic appearance, and prominent superiority. It is now extensively and gradually applied in general surgery, cardiac surgery, thoracic surgery, neurosurgery, urinary surgery, gynecology and obstetric surgery, orthopedic and ophthalmology surgery, etc. Since the introduction of surgical robots into China at the beginning of the 21(st) century, robotic surgery has been developing steadily.