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Pneumococcal serotypes causing pneumonia with pleural effusion in pediatric patients
Jigui Yu1, Douglas Salamon, Mario Marcon
1Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, BBRB 614, 1530 Third Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294-2170, USA.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|December 3, 2010
Summary
Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 1, 3, 7F/A, and 19A are most common in pediatric pneumonia with pleural effusion. The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine may decrease these cases.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Pneumonia with pleural effusion in children is often caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
- Identifying specific pneumococcal serotypes is crucial for understanding disease burden and vaccine efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes causing pneumonia with pleural effusion in pediatric patients.
- To assess the impact of pneumococcal vaccines on serotype distribution.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 49 pleural fluid specimens from pediatric patients using monoclonal antibodies and a multiplex bead array immunoassay.
- PCR testing for the 19A capsule gene locus due to heat lability of type 19A polysaccharide.
- Serotype determination for 40 of 49 samples.
Main Results:
- A limited number of serotypes, specifically types 1, 3, 7F/A, and 19A, accounted for 75% of typeable cases.
- High concentrations of capsular polysaccharide (PS) in pleural fluid inhibited opsonic capacity of sera from vaccinated individuals.
- Serotype distribution observed suggests potential impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.
Conclusions:
- Types 1, 3, 7F/A, and 19A are key serotypes in pediatric pneumococcal pneumonia with pleural effusion.
- The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine may reduce the incidence of this severe pneumonia form.
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