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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...

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Orthotopic Aortic Transplantation: A Rat Model to Study the Development of Chronic Vasculopathy
08:32

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Published on: December 4, 2010

Chronic periaortitis: a large-vessel vasculitis?

Augusto Vaglio1, Nicolò Pipitone, Carlo Salvarani

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine and Nephrology, University Hospital of Parma, Italy. baugusto.vaglio@virgilio.it

Current Opinion in Rheumatology
|December 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic periaortitis involves inflammation and fibrosis of the aorta and other large arteries. Evidence suggests it is an immune-mediated disorder, potentially a form of large-vessel vasculitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Chronic periaortitis was initially thought to be a localized response to atherosclerosis.
  • Emerging evidence suggests autoimmune involvement and broader arterial impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review large-vessel involvement in chronic periaortitis.
  • Discuss implications for disease pathogenesis and classification.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on chronic periaortitis.
  • Analysis of histopathological and genetic findings.
  • Clinical presentation of arterial involvement.

Main Results:

  • Chronic periaortitis affects the aorto-iliac axis, thoracic aorta, and other large arteries (coronary, renal, mesenteric).
  • Histopathology reveals adventitial inflammation, fibrosis, and vasculitis.
  • Genetic associations with HLA-DRB1*03 and CCR5Δ32 suggest an immune-mediated process.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic periaortitis is an inflammatory, immune-mediated disorder.
  • It is characterized by adventitial inflammation and affects various large arteries.
  • The findings support classifying it as a large-vessel vasculitis.