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Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

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Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...

Structure of Cardiac Muscles

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Cardiac muscle, or myocardium, is a specialized type of muscle found exclusively in the heart. Its unique structural and functional characteristics enable the heart to perform its vital role of pumping blood throughout the body continuously and rhythmically. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, possess an endomysium and perimysium but do not have an epimysium.
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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Suspected Cardiac Thrombus: Conventional and Emerging Techniques

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Suspected Cardiac Thrombus: Conventional and Emerging Techniques

Published on: June 11, 2019

Recurrent multiple cardiac myxomas.

S Yavuz¹, C Eris, M Sezen

¹Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey. syavuz@ttmail.com

Bratislavske Lekarske Listy

|December 4, 2010

Summary

Recurrent cardiac myxoma is rare, with unclear causes. Early detection through long-term echocardiography follow-up is crucial for patients after myxoma resection.

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Surgery
Cardiac Oncology
Medical Case Reports

Background:

Cardiac myxoma recurrence post-surgery is uncommon, with multifactorial causes including inadequate resection and genetic factors.
The precise mechanisms driving recurrent cardiac myxoma remain incompletely understood.
Potential factors contributing to recurrence include multifocal benign growth, malignant transformation, incomplete surgical removal, and genetic predispositions.

Observation:

A 24-year-old female presented with recurrent multiple cardiac myxomas.
Previous resection of left atrial and right ventricular myxoma occurred 8 years prior.
Preoperative echocardiography revealed recurrent myxomas in the left atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle.

Findings:

Redo-surgery identified extensive recurrent myxomas in the right ventricle (involving the tricuspid valve and papillary muscle) and left ventricle (involving papillary muscles and mitral annulus).

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Multiple myxomas were successfully excised via a transmitral approach with bi-atrial incision.

Tricuspid and mitral valve repair with annuloplasty was performed, with no residual myxoma detected postoperatively.

Implications:

Long-term echocardiographic surveillance is recommended for all patients post-myxoma resection.
Early detection of recurrent cardiac myxoma through regular echocardiography is vital for timely intervention.
This case underscores the importance of vigilant follow-up in managing cardiac myxoma patients.