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Related Concept Videos

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Dosage Regimen: Individualization01:24

Dosage Regimen: Individualization

Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...

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Related Experiment Videos

Personalized medicine in diabetes.

Noemi Malandrino1, Robert J Smith

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Clinical Chemistry
|December 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Personalized diabetes treatment is becoming a reality. Understanding genetic and molecular factors allows for tailored prevention and management strategies for diabetes mellitus.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and molecular biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Personalized medicine

Background:

  • Genetic factors influence diabetes risk and complications.
  • Molecular markers, clinical data, and omics technologies inform personalized diabetes care.
  • Diabetes mellitus exhibits significant heterogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review genes causing monogenic diabetes.
  • To discuss genotype-directed glycemic therapy.
  • To summarize polygenic determinants for personalized diabetes management.

Main Methods:

  • Candidate gene analysis
  • Genomewide scanning
  • Proteomics
  • Metabolomics
  • Pharmacogenetics

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Established heterogeneity in diabetes determinants and complication risks.
  • Evidence supports personalized care for monogenic diabetes.
  • Genotype can guide glycemic therapy choices.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding diabetes heterogeneity enables personalized prevention and treatment.
  • Expanding knowledge of polygenic factors will advance individualized care for common diabetes forms.