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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

Published on: September 8, 2015

Human tumor microRNA signatures derived from large-scale oligonucleotide microarray datasets.

Wenzhang Wang¹, Bo Peng, Dan Wang

¹The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.

International Journal of Cancer

|December 4, 2010

Summary

This meta-analysis identified 52 common microRNAs (miRNAs) dysregulated across numerous human tumors. Further validation of hsa-miR-154 in liver cancer revealed its role in inhibiting tumor cell malignancy and targeting CCND2.

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MicroRNA Based Liquid Biopsy: The Experience of the Plasma miRNA Signature Classifier (MSC) for Lung Cancer Screening

MicroRNA Based Liquid Biopsy: The Experience of the Plasma miRNA Signature Classifier (MSC) for Lung Cancer Screening

Published on: October 26, 2017

Area of Science:

Oncology
Genetics
Bioinformatics

Background:

MicroRNA (miRNA) expression profiles are linked to human tumor initiation and progression.
Individual microarray studies often lack sufficient statistical power due to limited sample sizes and high costs.
Meta-analysis of existing microarray datasets offers a powerful approach to consolidate findings and identify robust molecular signatures.

Purpose of the Study:

To conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis of miRNA expression microarray datasets from published tumor studies.
To identify common dysregulated miRNAs across various human tumors.
To investigate the specific role and potential therapeutic implications of novel tumor-related miRNAs, such as hsa-miR-154.

Main Methods:

Performed a meta-analysis of miRNA expression data from 28 published tumor studies, encompassing 33 comparisons and nearly 4,000 samples.
Utilized RT-PCR to validate the expression pattern of hsa-miR-154 in human hepatocellular carcinoma.
Employed bioinformatic prediction and western blotting to identify and confirm the target gene of hsa-miR-154.

Main Results:

Identified 52 miRNAs as common signatures consistently dysregulated in tumors.
Discovered tissue-specific miRNA alteration patterns in five solid cancers.
Revealed novel tumor-related miRNAs, including hsa-miR-144, hsa-miR-130b, hsa-miR-132, hsa-miR-154, hsa-miR-192, and hsa-miR-345.
Demonstrated that hsa-miR-154 restoration inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma cell malignancy and G(1)/S transition, targeting CCND2.

Conclusions:

This large-scale meta-analysis provides a robust list of consistently altered miRNAs in tumors, enhancing our understanding of tumor etiology.
hsa-miR-154 shows significant potential as a therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma, impacting cell cycle regulation and malignancy.
The findings highlight the importance of miRNA dysregulation in cancer development and suggest novel biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.