Implementation of a lifestyle program in primary care by nurse practitioners

The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation process and participant satisfaction with a lifestyle program provided by nurse practitioners (NPs) in primary care to adults at risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to enhanced standard care.

A mixed-method clinical trial design was used (n= 58). NPs were interviewed prior to beginning the program, at 3 months, and at completion of the program. NPs also completed a questionnaire on lifestyle counseling at baseline. Process data were collected on attendance, attrition, and intervention fidelity. Participants completed a satisfaction survey at completion of the program and a sub-sample were interviewed at the end of the program.

NPs reported that they felt well-prepared and moderately effective in providing lifestyle change counseling. Participant attendance was high and in-person sessions were implemented with good success. Participants in the lifestyle program were more satisfied with the program, reporting that the program was a good experience.

Implementation of a lifestyle program to prevent T2D in primary care is feasible and acceptable to NPs and participants. Developing a structured program may improve health outcomes.