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Related Concept Videos

Esophagus01:24

Esophagus

The esophagus, a muscular conduit linking the pharynx and stomach, measures roughly 10 inches (25.4 cm) and sits behind the trachea. It remains collapsed when not swallowing. The esophagus follows a predominantly straight path through the thoracic mediastinum and enters the abdominal cavity through a diaphragmatic opening known as the esophageal hiatus.
The movement of edibles from the pharynx into the esophagus is facilitated by the upper esophageal sphincter, which is formed primarily by the...
Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction

Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more similar...
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
Esophageal Achalasia01:27

Esophageal Achalasia

Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)...
Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure entails...
Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Development of Compendium for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
03:36

Development of Compendium for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: April 12, 2024

[Esophageal cancer].

O Dupuis1, G Ganem, G Béra

  • 1Centre Jean-Bernard, clinique Victor-Hugo, 9, rue Beauverger, 72000 Le Mans, France. o.dupuis@cjb72.org

Cancer Radiotherapie : Journal De La Societe Francaise De Radiotherapie Oncologique
|December 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Esophageal cancer treatment often involves radiation therapy, sometimes combined with chemotherapy. Advanced imaging like PET enhances radiation targeting for better outcomes in this aggressive malignancy.

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Modeling Oral-Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in 3D Organoids

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Establishment of Tumor Organoids, Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts, and Counterpart Fibroblasts from the Same Esophageal Cancer Patient
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Establishment of Tumor Organoids, Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts, and Counterpart Fibroblasts from the Same Esophageal Cancer Patient

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiotherapy
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Esophageal cancer is a highly malignant tumor with a generally poor prognosis.
  • Treatment options include surgery for early lesions, and radiation therapy or chemoradiation for more advanced stages.
  • Accurate target volume delineation is crucial for effective radiotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the radio-anatomical features of esophageal cancer.
  • To describe the patterns of spread for esophageal malignancies.
  • To explain the principles of 3D conformal radiotherapy in esophageal cancer management, using a clinical case.

Main Methods:

  • Review of radio-anatomical characteristics.
  • Analysis of esophageal cancer spread patterns.
  • Application of 3D conformal radiotherapy principles.
  • Illustration with a clinical case study.

Main Results:

  • The study provides precise radio-anatomical details relevant to esophageal cancer.
  • It clarifies the typical patterns of tumor spread.
  • It demonstrates the application of 3D conformal radiotherapy techniques.
  • The clinical case exemplifies the practical use of these principles.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding esophageal cancer's radio-anatomy and spread is vital for treatment planning.
  • 3D conformal radiotherapy, aided by advanced imaging like PET, offers improved target delineation.
  • This approach enhances the precision of radiation delivery in managing esophageal cancer.