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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Standardized Method for Measuring Collection Efficiency from Wipe-sampling of Trace Explosives
07:22

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Published on: April 10, 2017

Extending wipe sampling methodologies to elements other than lead.

Lauren T McDonald1, Pat E Rasmussen, Marc Chénier

  • 1Earth Sciences Department, University of Ottawa, 140 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.

Journal of Environmental Monitoring : JEM
|December 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study expanded wipe sampling to measure multiple metal(loid)s, like arsenic and cadmium, in Canadian homes. Results provide crucial urban background data for residential exposure assessments.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Wipe sampling is a regulatory standard in the USA for assessing dust lead loadings.
  • Limited research exists on applying wipe sampling to metals beyond lead for residential exposure.
  • Understanding background levels of various metals in homes is crucial for accurate exposure assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt and validate the wipe sampling method for quantifying multiple metal(loid)s (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Sb) in residential settings.
  • To establish typical urban background loadings for these metals in Canadian homes.
  • To assess the utility of wipe sampling for multi-elemental residential exposure assessments.

Main Methods:

  • Collected 932 wipe samples from 222 Canadian homes following ASTM 1728 standard.
  • Modified ASTM 1644 digestion with hydrofluoric acid for improved metal recovery.
  • Analyzed samples using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Main Results:

  • Many results were below the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ).
  • Upper background thresholds were established using normality (Q-Q) plots to differentiate from elevated levels.
  • The limit of quantification (LOQ) was identified as a key quality assurance threshold.

Conclusions:

  • The modified wipe sampling method is effective for quantifying multiple metal(loid)s in residential dust.
  • This study provides valuable background loading data for several metals in urban Canadian homes.
  • Wipe sampling is a viable and useful technique for multi-elemental residential exposure assessments.