Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who are...

Coping Strategies: Emotion Focused

Coping Strategies: Emotion Focused

Emotion-focused coping refers to a set of strategies aimed at managing the emotional impact of stressors, rather than directly addressing their causes. This approach involves altering one's emotional response to stressful situations to reduce their psychological effects. For example, individuals might talk with a friend or engage in activities like journaling to express their feelings. Such actions can help achieve emotional clarity or release, providing the psychological stability needed to...

Coping Strategies: Problem Focused

Coping Strategies: Problem Focused

Coping strategies are methods people use to manage, tolerate, or reduce the effects of stressors. These strategies involve both behavioral and psychological actions to handle stressful situations. One common approach is problem-focused coping, which aims to change or eliminate the source of stress rather than merely addressing its consequences. This method involves taking direct action to resolve the issue causing stress.
For example, consider a student who struggles to understand their...

Reliability and Validity

Reliability and Validity

Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.

Self-Discrepancy Theory

Self-Discrepancy Theory

One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.

Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects

Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects

Self-discrepancy theory explains how people compare their actual self to their ideal and ought selves and how mismatches between these self-guides can lead to emotional distress. Developed by E. Tory Higgins, the theory distinguishes among three components of self-concept: the actual self, the ideal self, and the ought self. These refer respectively to how individuals perceive themselves, how they aspire to be, and how they believe they are obligated to be. Emotional well-being, self-esteem,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Sanguinarine triggers apoptosis and ferroptosis synchronously by directly binding BiP in lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Chinese journal of natural medicines·2026

Same author

Heterogeneity of emotional cultivation strategies as a group composition variable among Taiwanese youth.

Journal of counseling psychology·2026

Same author

Effectiveness and composition of emotional cultivation groups for Taiwanese youth with emotion regulation difficulties.

Psychotherapy research : journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research·2026

Same author

Group climate temporally precedes member improvement in emotional cultivation groups for youth.

Psychotherapy research : journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research·2025

Same author

Leader and group effects for outcomes in emotional cultivation groups for youth.

Journal of counseling psychology·2025

Same author

Effects of a video intervention and ethnocultural empathy on racial color-blindness, White empathy, and willingness to confront White privilege.

Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning

Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning

Published on: August 29, 2025

Development and validation of a Coping with Discrimination Scale: factor structure, reliability, and validity.

Meifen Wei¹, Alvin N Alvarez, Tsun-Yao Ku

¹Department of Psychology, W112 Lagomarcino Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3180, USA. wei@iastate.edu

Journal of Counseling Psychology

|December 8, 2010

Summary

The Coping With Discrimination Scale (CDS) was developed and validated across four studies. The scale reliably measures five coping strategies, demonstrating its validity and utility in explaining outcomes beyond general coping mechanisms.

More Related Videos

Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing

Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing

Published on: August 16, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning

Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning

Published on: August 29, 2025

Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing

Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing

Published on: August 16, 2024

Area of Science:

Psychology
Social Psychology
Health Psychology

Background:

Discrimination presents a significant stressor with profound psychological impacts.
Effective coping strategies are crucial for mitigating the negative effects of discrimination.
Existing measures may not fully capture the multifaceted nature of coping with discrimination.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a comprehensive scale for measuring coping with discrimination.
To identify distinct coping strategies individuals employ when facing discrimination.
To provide a psychometrically sound instrument for research and clinical practice.

Main Methods:

Four studies involving exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (N=328) were conducted.
Scale reliability was assessed using internal consistency and test-retest measures (N=53).
Validity was examined through correlations with coping styles and incremental validity analyses (N=220).

Main Results:

A 5-factor structure emerged: Education/Advocacy, Internalization, Drug and Alcohol Use, Resistance, and Detachment.
The scale demonstrated good internal consistency (α = .72–.90) and acceptable test-retest reliability (.48–.85).
The Coping With Discrimination Scale explained unique variance in depression, life satisfaction, self-esteem, and ethnic identity.

Conclusions:

The Coping With Discrimination Scale is a reliable and valid measure of diverse coping strategies.
The scale offers valuable insights into how individuals manage discrimination-related stress.
Findings support the CDS's utility in understanding psychological outcomes related to discrimination.