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Related Concept Videos

Hemodialysis III: Nursing Management01:25

Hemodialysis III: Nursing Management

The nursing management of a patient undergoing hemodialysis includes several critical steps, starting with a thorough assessment before the procedure.Before the Hemodialysis ProcedureFirst, record the patient's vital signs—blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature—to establish a baseline. This baseline is essential for detecting conditions such as hypotension that could impact the patient's response to dialysis. Document the patient's pre-dialysis weight, as this measurement...
Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications01:24

Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications

DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:30

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, also known as CRRT, is a procedural treatment for acute kidney injury (AKI) that gradually removes uremic toxins and fluids while maintaining acid-base balance and stabilizing electrolytes. It is particularly useful for hemodynamically unstable patients. Unlike intermittent hemodialysis, which is faster, CRRT provides a gentler approach over 24 hours, closely mimicking the function of natural kidneys. However, CRRT is not ideal for patients with...
Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of fluid...
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...

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A Murine Model of Hemodialysis Access-Related Hand Dysfunction
08:39

A Murine Model of Hemodialysis Access-Related Hand Dysfunction

Published on: May 31, 2022

Complement in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis: functional screening and quantitative analysis.

Hiroyuki Inoshita1, Isao Ohsawa, Gaku Kusaba

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

BMC Nephrology
|December 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Complement deficiencies are common in hemodialysis patients but do not increase mortality risk. This study measured functional complement pathways, finding higher activity in HD patients but no added mortality risk from deficiencies.

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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Innate Immunity
  • Complement System

Background:

  • The complement system is crucial for innate immunity and host defense.
  • Complement deficiencies can lead to severe diseases.
  • Complement profiles in hemodialysis (HD) patients remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure functional complement activities of the classical pathway (CP), lectin pathway (LP), and alternative pathway (AP) in HD patients.
  • To determine the prevalence of complement deficiencies in HD patients.
  • To assess the impact of complement deficiencies on mortality in HD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous measurement of functional complement activities using the Wielisa®-kit.
  • Enrollment of 244 HD patients and 204 healthy controls.
  • Identification of deficient complements based on pathway activity profiles.

Main Results:

  • HD patients exhibited significantly higher functional complement activities across all three pathways compared to controls.
  • Prevalence of deficiencies: Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) deficiency (8.8%), C4 deficiency (0.4%), C9 deficiency (0.4%), and Factor B deficiency (0.4%) in HD patients.
  • No significant difference in 5-year mortality rates was observed between complement-deficient and sufficient HD patients.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first profile of complement deficiencies in HD patients via simultaneous measurement of all three pathway functional activities.
  • Functional complement deficiencies do not appear to confer an additional mortality risk in HD patients, despite their higher susceptibility to infections and malignancies.