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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...
Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management

A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan01:30

Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan

Description
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
MRI
MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. This technology provides a more detailed diagnostic image than CT scans, enabling it to characterize pulmonary nodules, stage bronchogenic carcinoma, and evaluate inflammatory activity in...

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A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
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Acute pulmonary embolism: epidemiologic and tomodensitometric study.

Saoussen Hantous-Zannad1, Sonia Esseghaier, Imène Ridène

  • 1service d'imagerie médicale, Hôpital Abderrahmène Mami, Ariana, Tunisia.

La Tunisie Medicale
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Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) affects 37.5% of patients in specialized cardio-thoracic hospitals. Multidetector CT angiography demonstrates high sensitivity (89.6%) and specificity (100%) for diagnosing PE.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Radiology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality.
  • Prompt and accurate diagnosis of PE is critical for effective treatment.
  • Cardio-thoracic specialized hospitals may have a different patient demographic for PE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in a cardio-thoracic hospital.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of multidetector CT (MDCT) for PE.
  • To calculate the sensitivity and specificity of MDCT in diagnosing PE.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study including 200 patients with suspected acute pulmonary embolism (PE).
  • All patients underwent multidetector CT pulmonary angiography (MDCTPA) using a 16-slice scanner.
  • Prevalence, sensitivity, and specificity of MDCTPA for PE diagnosis were calculated.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) was found to be 37.5%.
  • Multidetector CT (MDCT) provided an alternative diagnosis in 40% of patients.
  • MDCT demonstrated a sensitivity of 89.6% and a specificity of 100% for PE diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is higher in specialized cardio-thoracic centers compared to general hospitals.
  • Multidetector CT (MDCT) exhibits high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE).
  • MDCT is confirmed as the gold standard for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE).