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Related Concept Videos

Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:28

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria.  In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Robust Mitochondrial Isolation from Rodent Cardiac Tissue
07:03

Robust Mitochondrial Isolation from Rodent Cardiac Tissue

Published on: August 23, 2024

Mitochondria: A mirror into cellular dysfunction in heart disease.

Melanie Y White1, Alistair V G Edwards, Stuart J Cordwell

  • 1School of Molecular and Microbial Biosciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. melanie.white@jhmi.edu.

Proteomics. Clinical Applications
|December 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Cardiovascular disease impacts global health, necessitating understanding of molecular mechanisms. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in cardiovascular disease development, highlighting the need for proteomic studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular (CV) disease is a leading cause of global mortality and morbidity.
  • Understanding molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment.
  • Mitochondrial function is vital for cellular health, and its alteration is implicated in disease pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of mitochondrial proteins in cardiovascular disease.
  • To address challenges in mitochondrial proteomic investigations.
  • To elucidate how mitochondrial alterations impact cardiomyocyte function in CV disease.

Main Methods:

  • Mitochondria are studied as discrete subproteomes due to inherent challenges.
  • Proteomic investigations focus on identifying alterations in mitochondrial proteins.
  • Analysis of changes in mitochondrial function, signaling, and morphology.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to cellular damage and disease progression.
  • Specific proteomic alterations in mitochondria are associated with cardiovascular disease.
  • Changes in mitochondrial function, signaling, and morphology significantly affect cardiomyocytes.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial protein alterations are critical in the development of cardiovascular disease.
  • Proteomic analysis of mitochondria provides insights into disease mechanisms.
  • Targeting mitochondrial pathways may offer new therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease.