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Related Concept Videos

Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or basic...
Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport01:17

Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport

Pore transport and ion-pair formation are critical mechanisms for the absorption and distribution of drugs in the body.
Pore transport, also known as convective transport, is a process where small molecules like urea, water, and sugars rapidly cross cell membranes as though there were channels or pores in the membrane. Although direct microscopic evidence is limited  but the concept of pores or channels is widely accepted based on physiological evidence. Despite the lack of direct microscopic...
Downstream Processing01:29

Downstream Processing

Downstream processing begins once fermentation is complete and involves a series of steps to recover and purify products such as acids, vitamins, antibiotics, or proteins.Cell HarvestingFor example, for intracellular protein-based products, the first step is harvesting the cells. This is typically achieved using centrifugation or filtration to separate the cells from the liquid phase.Cell Disruption for Intracellular ProductsIf the target product is intracellular, the harvested cells must be...
Dialysis01:15

Dialysis

Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
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Analyte Adsorption and Distribution

In certain chromatographic separations, solutes transfer between the mobile phase and the stationary phase via sorption, which typically refers to the process of adsorption. For many chromatographic systems, the sorption process often depends on the polarity of the compounds—an expression of the overall dipole moment within the molecule. During the separation process, there is competition between the solute and solvent for adsorption to the stationary phase. Highly polar compounds and solvents...

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Ion-Exchange Membranes for the Fabrication of Reverse Electrodialysis Device
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Adsorption and ion exchange: basic principles and their application in food processing.

Judith Kammerer1, Reinhold Carle, Dietmar R Kammerer

  • 1Hohenheim University, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chair Plant Foodstuff Technology, Stuttgart, Germany. Dietmar.Kammerer@uni-hohenheim.de

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|December 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This paper overviews adsorption and ion exchange technologies for food and nutraceutical production. It details materials, processes, and applications, including recovering valuable compounds from plant byproducts.

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science and Technology
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • Adsorption and ion exchange are crucial separation technologies.
  • These methods are increasingly vital in food and nutraceutical production.
  • Historical development and industrial production of sorbent materials are key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of adsorption and ion exchange technologies.
  • To detail the materials, processes, kinetics, thermodynamics, and equilibrium models involved.
  • To summarize industrial applications in food, nutraceuticals, and byproduct valorization.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research.
  • Analysis of adsorbent and ion-exchange resin properties and historical development.
  • Examination of adsorption and ion exchange process principles and industrial equipment.

Main Results:

  • Detailed characterization of adsorbent and ion-exchange resin materials.
  • In-depth explanation of adsorption and ion exchange process kinetics and thermodynamics.
  • Summary of industrial applications, including food production and recovery of bioactive compounds.

Conclusions:

  • Adsorption and ion exchange are versatile technologies for food and nutraceutical industries.
  • These technologies enable efficient recovery of valuable compounds from plant byproducts.
  • Applications range from general food processing to functional foods and nutraceuticals.