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An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles
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Relation between reaction time and reach errors during visuomotor adaptation.

Juan Fernandez-Ruiz1, William Wong, Irene T Armstrong

  • 1Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de México, Distrito Federal, Mexico. jfr@servidor.unam.mx

Behavioural Brain Research
|December 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Exploring visuomotor adaptation, this study reveals that faster error reduction during reaching movements is linked to longer reaction times, suggesting a role for cognitive processes like mental rotation.

Area of Science:

  • Motor control
  • Cognitive neuroscience
  • Human movement science

Background:

  • Visuomotor adaptation is typically attributed to implicit learning.
  • However, explicit cognitive processes, such as spatial working memory and mental rotation, may also contribute.
  • Mental rotation is known to increase reaction times.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between reaction time (RT) and the rate of reach error reduction during visuomotor adaptation.
  • To determine if cognitive processes influence adaptation speed and after-effects.

Main Methods:

  • Two groups adapted to a 60° visuomotor rotation: one unconstrained, the other with RT limited to 350 ms.
  • Measured adaptation rate, reaction time, and after-effects.
  • Correlated RT with hand direction error reduction and after-effects.

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Main Results:

  • In the unconstrained group, faster adaptation (error reduction) correlated with longer RTs and smaller after-effects.
  • Slower adaptation correlated with shorter RTs and larger after-effects.
  • The RT-constrained group showed gradual adaptation and large after-effects, similar to fast responders in the unconstrained group.

Conclusions:

  • Visuomotor adaptation can involve cognitive processes, potentially related to spatial working memory and mental rotation, that allow faster error reduction at the cost of increased reaction time.
  • These findings challenge the notion that adaptation solely relies on implicit learning and highlight the interplay between cognitive and motor systems.