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Peroxisome proliferator activating receptor (PPAR) in cerebral malaria (CM): a novel target for an additional therapy
1Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
Abstract:
Cerebral malaria (CM) is a global life-threatening complication of Plasmodium infection and represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality among severe forms of malaria. Despite developing knowledge in understanding mechanisms of pathogenesis, the current anti-malarial agents are not sufficient due to drug resistance and various adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the novel target and additional therapy. Recently, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) a nuclear receptors (NR) and agonists of its isoforms (PPARγ, PPARα and PPARβ/δ) have been demonstrated to exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, which are driven to a new approach of research on inflammatory diseases. Although many studies on PPARs have confirmed their diverse biological role, there is a lack of knowledge of its therapeutic use in CM. The major objective of this review is to explore the possible experimental studies to link these two areas of research. We focus on the data describing the beneficial effects of this receptor in inflammation, which is observed as a basic pathology in CM. In conclusion, PPARs could be a novel target in treating inflammatory diseases, and continued work with the available and additional agonists screened from various sources may result in a potential new treatment for CM.
Insights
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) show promise as a novel therapeutic target for cerebral malaria (CM). Research suggests PPARs
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Cerebral malaria (CM) is a severe complication of Plasmodium infection, causing significant mortality and morbidity.
- Existing antimalarial drugs face challenges due to resistance and adverse effects, necessitating new therapeutic strategies.
- Inflammation is a key pathological feature of CM, highlighting the need for anti-inflammatory treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the potential therapeutic applications of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in treating cerebral malaria (CM).
- To review existing research linking PPARs' anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties to CM pathology.
- To identify PPARs as a potential novel drug target for CM treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on experimental studies of PPARs and their role in inflammatory diseases.
- Analysis of data demonstrating the anti-inflammatory effects of PPAR agonists.
- Exploration of the connection between PPARs' known biological functions and CM pathogenesis.
Main Results:
- PPARs (including PPARγ, PPARα, and PPARβ/δ) exhibit significant anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
- These properties are relevant to managing the inflammatory processes underlying CM.
- Limited research currently exists on the specific therapeutic use of PPARs in CM.
Conclusions:
- PPARs represent a promising novel target for developing new treatments for cerebral malaria.
- Further research and screening of PPAR agonists are crucial for realizing their therapeutic potential in CM.
- Targeting PPARs could offer a new avenue for managing this life-threatening complication of malaria.
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