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Gastrulation

Gastrulation

Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata will form...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Ex Utero Culture of Mouse Embryos from Pregastrulation to Advanced Organogenesis

Ex Utero Culture of Mouse Embryos from Pregastrulation to Advanced Organogenesis

Published on: October 19, 2021

Reconstructing embryonic development.

Khaled Khairy¹, Philipp J Keller

¹Janelia Farm Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA.

Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000)

|December 9, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative developmental biology studies are enhanced by advanced bio-imaging and computational image analysis. These technologies enable in vivo analysis of cell behavior, fate, and gene expression dynamics throughout embryonic development.

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Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Bio-imaging
Computational Biology

Background:

Quantitative studies in developmental biology are increasingly feasible.
Live imaging and computational image processing are key technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review state-of-the-art live imaging techniques for system-level investigations of animal development.
To discuss computational approaches for analyzing complex biological data.
To highlight the need for advanced data analysis strategies.

Main Methods:

Focus on fluorescence light microscopy for live imaging.
Review computational approaches including image segmentation and cell tracking.
Discuss automated data annotation and biophysical modeling.

Main Results:

Novel bio-imaging and computational methods enable quantitative analysis of cell behavior, fate, and gene expression in vivo.
System-level investigations of entire organisms throughout embryonic development are possible.
Data complexity and size necessitate sophisticated data analysis strategies.

Conclusions:

Advanced imaging and computational tools are revolutionizing developmental biology.
Exploiting the full potential of these resources requires new data analysis strategies.
This approach facilitates a deeper understanding of embryonic development and morphogenesis.