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Related Concept Videos

Aggregates Classification01:29

Aggregates Classification

Aggregate classification is generally based on its size, petrographic characteristics, weight, and source. Size classification ranges from coarse to fine aggregates, defined by the size of the particles. Coarse aggregates are particles that do not pass through ASTM sieve No. 4, and aggregates that pass through the sieve are fine aggregates.
Petrographic classification groups aggregates based on common mineralogical characteristics. Some of the common mineral groups found in aggregates are...
Shape and Texture of Coarse Aggregate01:25

Shape and Texture of Coarse Aggregate

Aggregate shape is classified based on the relative sharpness or roundness of the edges and corners. This classification includes categories like rounded, angular, elongated, and flaky, each with specific characteristics. Rounded aggregates, fully shaped by attrition, are typical of river or seashore gravel, while angular aggregates, such as crushed rock, have well-defined edges. Aggregates that are elongated and flaky are less desirable, as they can reduce the workability and strength of...
Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control01:16

Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control

In precipitation gravimetry, the precipitating agent should react specifically or selectively with the analyte. While a specific reagent reacts with the analyte alone, a selective reagent can react with a limited number of chemical species.
The obtained precipitate should be either a pure substance of known composition or easily converted to one by a simple process, such as ignition or drying. In addition, the precipitate should be insoluble and easily filterable. In general, filterability...
Bonding and Strength of Aggregate01:12

Bonding and Strength of Aggregate

The bond between aggregate particles and the cement matrix is significantly influenced by the shape and surface texture of the aggregates. High-strength concretes benefit from a rougher texture, which leads to stronger bonding due to greater adhesion. Angular aggregates with larger surface areas also enhance this bond. The bonding quality, however, is complex to assess as no universally accepted test exists. Good bonding is indicated when a crushed concrete specimen shows some aggregate...
Unsoundness of Aggregate due to Volume Change01:26

Unsoundness of Aggregate due to Volume Change

Unsoundness in aggregates due to volume changes is primarily caused by the physical alterations aggregates undergo, such as freezing and thawing, thermal changes, and wetting and drying. Unsound aggregates, when subjected to these changes, result in volume change upon disintegration. This, in turn, contributes to the deterioration of concrete, including scaling, pop-outs, and cracking. Particular types of aggregates, such as porous flints, cherts, and those containing clay minerals, are...
Toughness and Hardness of Aggregate01:22

Toughness and Hardness of Aggregate

Toughness and hardness are critical properties of aggregate materials used in concrete, particularly on pavement surfaces and industrial flooring subjected to heavy loads. Toughness is defined as the aggregate's resistance to failure by impact and is measured by the aggregate impact value (AIV). For this, the aggregate impact value test is performed, wherein the impact is delivered by a standard hammer, which falls freely under its own weight onto the aggregates. The aggregates fragment in the...

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Generation of Aggregates of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells that Show Symmetry Breaking, Polarization and Emergent Collective Behaviour In Vitro
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Particle aggregation.

Adrian B Burd1, George A Jackson

  • 1Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-3636, USA. adrianb@uga.edu

Annual Review of Marine Science
|December 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Marine biogeochemistry relies on understanding particulate aggregation, which influences ocean material transport and elemental cycling. This review covers aggregation theory, recent advances, and future research directions for oceanographic predictions.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine biogeochemistry
  • Oceanography
  • Particulate matter dynamics

Background:

  • Understanding oceanic material and elemental distributions and fluxes is a fundamental challenge.
  • Particulate aggregation is a key process influencing particle transport and the transfer of elements from dissolved to particulate pools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the basic theory of particulate aggregation in marine systems.
  • To summarize recent developments in aggregation theory and its applications.
  • To explore unresolved issues and future research directions in marine particulate aggregation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing aggregation theory.
  • Synthesis of recent research findings.
  • Identification of knowledge gaps and future research needs.

Main Results:

  • Aggregation theory provides a framework for understanding particulate processes in the ocean.
  • The theory has been successfully applied to predict maximum particle concentrations, the fate of diatom blooms (including iron fertilization effects), particle size spectra, and trace metal size distributions.
  • Recent developments have refined predictive capabilities and expanded applications.

Conclusions:

  • Particulate aggregation is central to marine biogeochemical cycles and material transport.
  • Aggregation theory is a powerful tool for predicting oceanic processes and the fate of marine particles.
  • Further research is needed to address unresolved issues in aggregation dynamics and their broader implications for ocean science.