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Related Concept Videos

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
Pharmacovigilance01:19

Pharmacovigilance

Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
FDA Approved Drugs: Changes to Approved Drugs01:26

FDA Approved Drugs: Changes to Approved Drugs

Post-approval, manufacturers may modify an approved new or generic drug product. Such modifications can encompass alterations in the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API), manufacturing process, formulation, batch size, manufacturing site, and container closure system (FDA Guidance for Industry, April 2004). Often, a drug product may undergo multiple changes.These modifications require careful evaluation to determine their potential impact on the drug product's identity, strength, quality,...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents

Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
Adsorbents...

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Related Experiment Videos

Mirabegron: a safety review.

Pradeep Tyagi1, Vikas Tyagi, Michael Chancellor

  • 1William Beaumont Hospital - Urology, Royal Oak, USA.

Expert Opinion on Drug Safety
|December 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mirabegron, a new overactive bladder (OAB) treatment, effectively reduces incontinence and urinary frequency. While generally well-tolerated, potential drug interactions warrant consideration for patient safety.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Urology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Mirabegron is an orally active β(3)-adrenoceptor agonist for overactive bladder (OAB).
  • It offers a potentially improved safety profile compared to antimuscarinic drugs.
  • Long-term adverse effects and drug interaction potential require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pharmacology and efficacy of mirabegron.
  • To analyze tolerability data from Phase II clinical trials.
  • To highlight potential pharmacokinetic drug interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available data from Phase II placebo-controlled clinical trials.
  • Analysis of tolerability findings and adverse events.
  • Examination of mirabegron's metabolic pathway and drug interaction potential.

Main Results:

  • Mirabegron demonstrates significant efficacy in reducing incontinence episodes and micturition frequency.
  • The drug is generally well-tolerated.
  • Commonly reported side effects include gastrointestinal events and headache.

Conclusions:

  • Mirabegron is a promising therapeutic option for OAB, particularly for elderly patients and those with cognitive deficits.
  • Its efficacy and improved safety profile address unmet needs in OAB management.
  • Potential for drug interactions necessitates careful patient selection and monitoring.