Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 6, 2026
Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Biopsy for Endometrial Cancer at Early Stage with Laparoscopy
Published on: August 19, 2021
Female genital tuberculosis: early diagnosis by laparoscopy and endometrial polymerase chain reaction
1Gynae and Fertility Research Centre, Jindal In-Vitro Fertilisation and Sant Memorial Hospital, Chandigarh, India. skjindal@ indiachest.org
Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopic visual inspection vs. endometrial tuberculosis (TB) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for an early diagnosis and management of female genital TB (GTB) in India.
Design:
Observational case study.
Results:
Both laparoscopy and endometrial (endo) TB-PCR were performed on 162 infertile women: 52 endo TB-PCR-positive patients were diagnosed as definite GTB, of whom 44 (84.6%) also showed laparoscopic findings suspicious of TB (Type I). Subgroup analysis showed a similar PCR positivity of 54.5% (24/44) in the strongly suspicious and 54.1% (20/37) in the mildly suspicious patients. Using the Bayesian approach, the maximum likelihood estimates of the sensitivity and specificity of laparoscopy in diagnosing GTB were 0.96 and 0.93 and those of a positive PCR were respectively 0.59 and 0.92. Of the 52 women who were TB-PCR positive, 16 (30.8%) conceived following treatment.
Conclusions:
Endo TB-PCR had high specificity to diagnose GTB, as did laparoscopy. Laparoscopy may therefore be avoided in TB-PCR-positive patients for diagnosis but may still be required to rule out GTB in PCR-negative cases.
