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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.

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Beyond the Evidence: Why Do Clinical Guidelines and Recommendations Differ?

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Surface Defects of Remover Retreatment File After Single and Multiple Uses
03:07

Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Surface Defects of Remover Retreatment File After Single and Multiple Uses

Published on: October 11, 2024

Damage to root dentin during retreatment procedures.

Hagay Shemesh1, Alida C Roeleveld, Paul R Wesselink

  • 1Department of Endodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands. hshemesh@acta.nl

Journal of Endodontics
|December 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Root canal retreatment using ProTaper or Hedström files creates more root canal wall defects than initial treatment. Dentin thickness and root level do not significantly impact defect appearance during endodontic retreatment.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Surface Defects of Remover Retreatment File After Single and Multiple Uses
03:07

Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Surface Defects of Remover Retreatment File After Single and Multiple Uses

Published on: October 11, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Endodontics
  • Dental Materials Science

Background:

  • Root canal wall defects can compromise endodontic treatment outcomes.
  • Understanding retreatment-induced defects is crucial for clinical decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of retreatment procedures on root canal wall defect formation.
  • To compare defect appearance after using ProTaper versus Hedström files for retreatment.

Main Methods:

  • Two hundred mandibular premolars were divided into unprepared, initial treatment, and two retreatment groups.
  • Retreatment involved removing gutta-percha and AH26 using ProTaper or Hedström files.
  • Roots were sectioned, microscopically examined, and data analyzed using nominal regression.

Main Results:

  • No defects were found in the unprepared control group.
  • Retreatment significantly increased root canal wall defects compared to initial preparation (P < .05).
  • No significant difference in defect appearance was observed between ProTaper and Hedström retreatment files.

Conclusions:

  • Endodontic retreatment procedures lead to a higher incidence of root canal wall defects.
  • The potential for substantial root canal wall damage must be considered when evaluating endodontic retreatment success.