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Lily toxicity in the cat.

Kevin T Fitzgerald1

  • 1VCA Alameda East Veterinary Hospital, Denver, CO 80247, USA. kfitzgerlad@aevh.com

Topics in Companion Animal Medicine
|December 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

All parts of lilies are toxic to cats, causing acute kidney injury. Early fluid diuresis is crucial for survival, as anuric renal failure is often fatal. Public awareness is vital.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Toxicology
  • Companion Animal Health
  • Ornamental Plant Toxicity

Background:

  • Lilies (Lilium, Hemerocallis, Convallaria) are popular ornamental plants.
  • Many plant species are commonly referred to as lilies, causing confusion regarding toxicity.
  • Cats are highly susceptible to lily-induced nephrotoxicity, with even small ingestions being fatal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the severe nephrotoxic potential of lilies in cats.
  • To emphasize the confusion surrounding which lily species are toxic.
  • To stress the importance of public awareness regarding lily dangers to felines.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical signs and outcomes in cats with suspected lily intoxication.
  • Discussion of toxicological principles and pathological targets.
  • Analysis of treatment strategies and prognostic indicators.

Main Results:

  • Ingestion of any part of toxic lilies (leaves, petals, stamen, pollen) can be fatal.
  • Clinical signs include salivation, vomiting, anorexia, depression, and rapid progression to renal failure.
  • Water-soluble lily fractions are implicated as the nephrotoxic agents targeting renal tubular epithelium.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt recognition and aggressive fluid diuresis are critical for successful treatment before anuric renal failure develops.
  • Dialysis (peritoneal or hemodialysis) may be necessary if anuria occurs.
  • Increased public education on the dangers of ornamental lilies to cats is essential.