Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
Schemas01:42

Schemas

A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
Free-falling Bodies: Example01:05

Free-falling Bodies: Example

An object falling without any air resistance under the influence of gravitational force is said to be in free-fall. For free-falling bodies, the acceleration due to gravity is constant, irrespective of their mass. Free-fall is experienced not only by objects falling downward, but also by all objects whose motion is influenced by gravitational force alone. The dynamics of free-fall motion can be calculated using kinematic equations of motion, since free-fall acceleration is constant.
The...
Free-falling Bodies: Introduction01:07

Free-falling Bodies: Introduction

All objects, neglecting air resistance, fall with the same acceleration towards the Earth's center due to the force exerted by the Earth's gravity. This experimentally determined fact is unexpected because we are so accustomed to the effects of air resistance and friction that we expect light objects to fall slower than heavier ones. People believed that a heavier object had a greater acceleration when falling until Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) proved otherwise. We now know this is not the case.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Neural correlates of minimal recognizable configurations in the human brain.

Cell reports·2025
Same author

Impact of a Categorical AI System for Digital Breast Tomosynthesis on Breast Cancer Interpretation by Both General Radiologists and Breast Imaging Specialists.

Radiology. Artificial intelligence·2024
Same author

The sizable difficulty in matching unfamiliar faces differing only moderately in orientation in depth is a function of image dissimilarity.

Vision research·2022
Same author

Artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance breast cancer screening: protocol for population-based cohort study of cancer detection.

BMJ open·2022
Same author

Robust breast cancer detection in mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis using an annotation-efficient deep learning approach.

Nature medicine·2021
Same author

Vision: A Product of a Society of Independent Experts.

Current biology : CB·2020
Same journal

Differentiation of cortical areas: effects of free energy minimization with broken symmetry.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2026
Same journal

Prior exposure to speech rapidly modulates cortical processing of high-level linguistic structure.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2026
Same journal

Beta bursts in SMA mediate anticipatory muscle inhibition.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2026
Same journal

Cognitive load modulates the effects of social contexts on facial expression processing.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2026
Same journal

The neural mechanisms of aligning spatial perspectives.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2026
Same journal

Relationships between bilateral tapping skills and brain gray matter volumes: a voxel-based morphometry study.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Photorealistic Learned Landscapes for Augmented Reality
06:54

Photorealistic Learned Landscapes for Augmented Reality

Published on: June 27, 2025

Where do objects become scenes?

Jiye G Kim1, Irving Biederman

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1061, USA. jiyekim@usc.edu

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|December 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sensitivity to interacting objects in scenes emerges early in the visual cortex. The lateral occipital complex shows increased activity for interacting object pairs, suggesting scene understanding begins with shape processing.

More Related Videos

Computer-Generated Animal Model Stimuli
26:43

Computer-Generated Animal Model Stimuli

Published on: July 29, 2007

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Photorealistic Learned Landscapes for Augmented Reality
06:54

Photorealistic Learned Landscapes for Augmented Reality

Published on: June 27, 2025

Computer-Generated Animal Model Stimuli
26:43

Computer-Generated Animal Model Stimuli

Published on: July 29, 2007

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • The ventral visual pathway processes object recognition, with specialized regions for faces and objects identified in later stages.
  • Most real-world visual input involves scenes with multiple interacting objects, crucial for understanding context and relationships.
  • The precise stage at which the brain processes these object interactions within the visual pathway remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural basis of scene perception by examining sensitivity to object interactions in the human visual cortex.
  • To determine the earliest cortical region that exhibits enhanced neural responses to interacting object pairs compared to isolated objects.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure brain activity in human participants.
  • Participants viewed images of object pairs depicted either interacting (e.g., bird on a birdhouse) or side-by-side (e.g., bird next to a birdhouse).
  • The study analyzed activity in the lateral occipital complex (LOC) and other visual areas in response to these different stimuli.

Main Results:

  • Interacting object pairs elicited significantly greater activity in the lateral occipital complex (LOC) compared to side-by-side object depictions.
  • This heightened response in the LOC was further amplified when the object interactions were novel.
  • No such interaction effect was observed for the side-by-side object presentations.

Conclusions:

  • The lateral occipital complex (LOC), an early visual processing region, shows sensitivity to object interactions, suggesting scene-level processing begins concurrently with object shape specification.
  • These findings indicate that the brain integrates object relationships at a relatively early stage of visual processing, not just in higher-level cognitive areas.
  • Scene-like relational information is processed simultaneously with the fundamental representation of object form within the visual cortex.