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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

In Vitro Differentiation of Naive CD4+ T Cells into Pathogenic Th17 Cells in Mouse
Published on: October 25, 2024
Cyclophosphamide induces differentiation of Th17 cells in cancer patients
Sophie Viaud1, Caroline Flament, Mustapha Zoubir
1Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Paris-Sud XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
Abstract:
Low doses of the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide (CTX) mediate antiangiogenic and immunostimulatory effects, leading to potent tumoricidal activity in association with various immunotherapeutic strategies. Here, we show in rodents and cancer patients that CTX markedly promotes the differentiation of CD4(+) T helper 17 (Th17) cells that can be recovered in both blood and tumor beds. However, CTX does not convert regulatory T cells into Th17 cells. Because Th17 are potent inducers of tissue inflammation and autoimmunity, these results suggest impact on the clinical management of various types of malignancies treated with alkylating agents and a potential need to optimize CTX-based immunotherapy in patients.
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