Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Rapid and Robust Analysis of Cellular and Molecular Polarization Induced by Chemokine Signaling
10:03

Rapid and Robust Analysis of Cellular and Molecular Polarization Induced by Chemokine Signaling

Published on: December 12, 2014

DARC and D6: silent partners in chemokine regulation?

Chris A H Hansell1, Catherine E Hurson, Robert J B Nibbs

  • 1Institute for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University Place, Glasgow, UK.

Immunology and Cell Biology
|December 15, 2010
PubMed

Insights

This review explores atypical chemokine receptors like DARC and D6, which lack signaling but regulate chemokine activity. Further research is needed to understand their full in vivo functions and significance.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Chemokine receptors mediate leukocyte migration.
  • Some molecules resemble chemokine receptors but lack chemotactic signaling.
  • This suggests alternative roles in chemokine regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the functions of atypical chemokine receptors.
  • To focus on DARC (Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines) and D6.
  • To critically evaluate current understanding of their in vivo roles.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of in vitro studies.
  • Analysis of data from genetically deficient mouse models.
  • Inclusion of results from human observational studies.

Main Results:

  • DARC and D6 are key examples of signaling-deficient chemokine-binding molecules.
  • Evidence from various models suggests roles beyond chemotaxis.
  • Significant knowledge gaps remain regarding their in vivo functions.

Conclusions:

  • Atypical chemokine receptors like DARC and D6 represent a distinct class of chemokine regulators.
  • Their non-signaling nature necessitates new functional paradigms.
  • Further investigation is crucial to elucidate their complex in vivo roles.

More Related Videos

A Flow Cytometry-based Assay to Identify Compounds That Disrupt Binding of Fluorescently-labeled CXC Chemokine Ligand 12 to CXC Chemokine Receptor 406:56

A Flow Cytometry-based Assay to Identify Compounds That Disrupt Binding of Fluorescently-labeled CXC Chemokine Ligand 12 to CXC Chemokine Receptor 4

Published on: March 10, 2018

Myeloid Innate Signaling Pathway Regulation by MALT1 Paracaspase Activity07:09

Myeloid Innate Signaling Pathway Regulation by MALT1 Paracaspase Activity

Published on: January 7, 2019

Related Concept Videos

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form dimers that...
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs01:15

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that  lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR  stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive  EGFR activation may...
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...