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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue

Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within the...
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Intellectual Disability01:29

Intellectual Disability

Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...

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Rapid Detection of Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes in Human Neural Precursor Cells (NPCs)
10:47

Rapid Detection of Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes in Human Neural Precursor Cells (NPCs)

Published on: March 2, 2018

Which neurodevelopmental disorders get researched and why?

Dorothy V M Bishop1

  • 1Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. dorothy.bishop@psy.ox.ac.uk

Plos One
|December 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Research on neurodevelopmental disorders varies significantly. While severity and prevalence explain some differences, rare conditions receive more attention, and autism and ADHD show exceptional research growth.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Significant disparities exist in research focus across various neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Understanding the drivers of research allocation is crucial for addressing knowledge gaps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the factors influencing research volume for 35 different neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • To identify patterns in research activity relative to disorder prevalence and severity.

Main Methods:

  • Bibliographic searches were performed for publications between 1985 and 2009.
  • A publication index was calculated for 35 neurodevelopmental disorders, comparing publication counts to prevalence rates.

Main Results:

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  • Rare neurodevelopmental disorders generally had a higher publication index than common ones.
  • This trend was partially attributed to the increased severity often associated with rarer conditions.

    • Conclusions:

    • Research activity correlates with disorder severity and prevalence, but exceptions exist.
    • Conditions researched by a single discipline with limited resources show low research rates and funding.
    • Autism and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) exhibited particularly steep increases in research growth, not explained by severity alone.