Cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease: a case report

Area of Science:

• Pathology
• Dermatology
• Oncology

Background:

• Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), or sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a rare benign histiocytic disorder of unknown cause.
• Typically presenting as cervical lymphadenopathy, RDD can also involve extranodal sites in up to 43% of cases.

Observation:

• This report details a rare instance of RDD exclusively affecting the skin.
• The case underscores the diverse clinical manifestations of RDD beyond nodal involvement.

Findings:

• Purely cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease represents an uncommon but recognized variant of the condition.
• Histopathological confirmation is crucial for diagnosing this rare extranodal presentation.

Implications:

• Recognizing purely cutaneous RDD is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate patient management.
• Further research into the etiology and specific treatments for extranodal RDD, including cutaneous forms, is warranted.