Adrenal gland 5'deiodinase activity (AG-5'd). Kinetic characterization and fractional turnover rate (FTr)

We determined the kinetic parameters as well as the fractional turnover rate (FTr) and half-life (t(1/2)) of rat adrenal gland 5'deiodinase activity (AG-5'D). Adrenal glands from male euthyroid or surgically thyroidectomized (Tx) Wistar rats were homogenized (HEPES, 10MM: ; pH 7.5; sucrose, 0.25M: ; EDTA 1MM: ) and centrifuged at 10,000g for 15 min at 4°C. The resulting crude microsomal supernatants were used for ail measurements of 5'D activity. Using rT(3) (2-500NM: ) the true Km and the Vmax values were of 20.2NM: and 289 fmol of I(-) release/mg protein/h. With T(4) as substrate these values were 5.8NM: and 622 fmol/h/mg protein. Protein inhibitor (cycloheximide 6 mg/100 g wt) administration allowed to determine an FTr of 0.68 h(-1) and a t(1/2) of 1.01 h. Results demonstrate that the greatest 5'D activity in the rat adrenal gland corresponds to isotype II, because the reaction is GTG and PTU-resistant (70-80%), accepts T(4) as a far better substrate than rT(3) (17-fold) and the former thyronine has a 50-90% inhibitory concentration in the 4-100NM: range. Furthermore, rats thyroidectomized for 5 and 15 days showed a conspicuous increase in cerebral cortex and adrenal 5'D-II activity. These characteristics as well as the rapid FTr and short †(1/2) are shared by type II 5'D present in rat pineal, pituitary and brain.