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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates
Published on: January 27, 2019
Sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy, and intimate partner violence
1Department of Family Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0606, USA. Janice.humphreys@nursing.ucsf.edu
Abstract:
Women in abusive relationships are at risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), but the strategies they use to protect themselves from such infections have not been studied. Using the descriptive qualitative approach of thematic analysis, I explored those strategies among formerly abused women and examined the role of pregnancy as a protective factor for both STIs and intimate partner violence (IPV). Women described creative strategies, but as the abuse continued, women came to realize that the only way to protect themselves was to leave the relationship. Health care providers are well situated to provide information and support to abused women.
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