Electroconvulsive therapy in children and adolescents

Area of Science:

• Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• Neurology

Background:

• Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a proven treatment for various adult psychiatric and neurological conditions.
• Research on ECT in child and adolescent populations spans decades, with established practice parameters.
• Despite its efficacy, ECT is underutilized in adolescents when clearly indicated.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current use of ECT in adolescents.
• To emphasize recent literature on indications, administration, contraindications, and risks.
• To explore reasons for the underutilization of ECT in this demographic.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on articles published after 2004.
• Analysis of indications, administration protocols, contraindications, and risks.
• Examination of factors contributing to underuse.

Main Results:

• ECT is effective for specific psychiatric and neurological disorders in adolescents.
• Recent studies provide updated guidance on ECT administration and safety.
• Several barriers contribute to the underuse of ECT in indicated adolescent cases.

Conclusions:

• ECT remains a valuable, yet underused, treatment option for adolescents.
• Addressing barriers to ECT utilization is crucial for improving adolescent mental healthcare.
• Further research and education can enhance appropriate ECT application in youth.