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Multiple novel and prevalent astroviruses in pigs
Zhiyao Luo1, Stéphanie Roi, Margaux Dastor
1Canadian Food Inspection Agency, St-Hyacinthe Laboratory, 3400 Blvd Casavant West, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.
Veterinary Microbiology
|December 17, 2010
Summary
Porcine astroviruses are highly diverse and prevalent in healthy pigs across all ages in Quebec, Canada. These findings suggest pigs play a significant role in astrovirus evolution and potential cross-species transmission.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Molecular Epidemiology
- Viral Phylogenetics
Background:
- Limited knowledge exists regarding the genetic diversity and epidemiological spread of porcine astroviruses.
- Understanding astrovirus prevalence in healthy swine is crucial for assessing potential zoonotic risks and viral evolution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of astroviruses in healthy pigs in Quebec, Canada.
- To determine the phylogenetic relationships of porcine astroviruses within the Mamastrovirus genus.
Main Methods:
- A broad-range PCR approach was employed to detect astroviruses in pig samples.
- Partial polymerase and complete capsid gene sequences were analyzed for phylogenetic analysis.
Main Results:
- Astroviruses were detected on all 20 farms and in all age groups studied, with nearly 80% of finisher pigs harboring the virus.
- Phylogenetic analysis revealed high genetic diversity, with porcine astroviruses not forming a monophyletic group and including highly divergent strains.
- Findings indicate potential cross-species transmission events between pigs, humans, and other animal species.
Conclusions:
- Pigs harbor a remarkably diverse range of astroviruses, indicating a significant role in the ecology and evolution of the Astroviridae family.
- The high prevalence and diversity in healthy pigs suggest a continuous source for piglet infections and potential transmission to other species, including humans.
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