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Development, cell differentiation, angiogenesis--microparticles and their roles in angiogenesis
1Coagulation Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
Abstract:
Cells of various types release small membrane vesicles called microparticles (MP) on their activation, as well as during the process of apoptosis. The properties and roles of MP generated in different contexts are diverse and are determined by their parent cell and the pathway of their generation, which affects their content. MP are involved in multiple cellular functions, including immunomodulation, inflammation, coagulation, and intercellular communication. MP are able to deliver molecular signals in the form of lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, or functional transmembrane proteins from the parent cell to distantly located targets. In this review, we summarize some of the current knowledge regarding MP and their functional roles in transfer of proteins, nucleic acids, and signal transduction stimulators between cells of different origins in different settings. We will focus on the ability of MP to mediate angiogenesis-related signals and their effect on cell development. The investigation of MP could elucidate new cellular communication pathways and may lead to better understanding of pathophysiological processes. From a clinical point of view, MP may serve as biomarkers for disease status and may be found useful for developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting angiogenesis-related conditions.
Insights
Microparticles (MPs), released by cells, act as messengers carrying proteins and nucleic acids. These MPs are crucial for cell communication, potentially serving as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
Background:
- Cells release microparticles (MPs), which are small membrane vesicles, during activation and apoptosis.
- MP properties and functions are cell- and pathway-dependent, influencing their molecular cargo.
- MPs play roles in immunomodulation, inflammation, coagulation, and intercellular communication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on microparticle (MP) functional roles.
- To focus on MP-mediated transfer of proteins, nucleic acids, and signal transduction stimulators.
- To highlight MP roles in angiogenesis and cell development.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on microparticles.
- Analysis of MP content (lipids, proteins, nucleic acids) and their intercellular transfer.
- Examination of MP involvement in angiogenesis and cell development.
Main Results:
- MPs facilitate intercellular communication by transferring molecular signals.
- MPs mediate angiogenesis-related signals and influence cell development.
- MP investigation can reveal novel cellular pathways and pathophysiological processes.
Conclusions:
- Microparticles are key mediators of intercellular communication, transferring diverse molecular cargo.
- MPs show potential as biomarkers for disease status and as targets for novel therapies.
- Understanding MP functions offers insights into cellular processes and disease mechanisms.
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