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Updated: Jun 6, 2026
A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
Published on: March 6, 2018
Multiple tumor marker elevation in androgen ablation-refractory prostate cancer with long-term response to metronomic
Mariangela Massaccesi1, Franca Forni, Pasquale Spagnuolo
1Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Oncology, Catholic University, Campobasso, Italy.
Abstract:
Outcomes in hormone-refractory prostate cancer are very poor. The time from progression to death is only 12-19 months. We present the case of a 69-year-old man with hormone-refractory prostate cancer and bone metastases treated with metronomic chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide based). He had had a colon adenocarcinoma ten years before. The atypical features of this case were an unusually long-lasting response to metronomic chemotherapy and an increase in serum levels of some non-prostate-specific tumor markers (CEA and CA 19-9) that was not related to a relapse of colon cancer. We hypothesize a potential role of hypoxia inducing CA 19-9 and CEA expression in tumor cells, which may predict the development of progressive resistance to antiangiogenic therapies.
