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Related Concept Videos

Ethics in Research01:56

Ethics in Research

Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
Ethical Dilemmas I01:17

Ethical Dilemmas I

Ethical dilemmas in nursing are of utmost importance, as they often arise from the tension between adhering to core ethical principles and the practical realities of healthcare delivery. These dilemmas require nurses to navigate complex situations where competing ethical considerations pull them in different directions.
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...
Nursing Code of Ethics01:29

Nursing Code of Ethics

The Nursing Code of Ethics sets the ethical benchmark for the profession, and guides nurses in ethical analysis and decision making at the societal, organizational, and clinical levels. The code encompasses showing compassion and respect for the patient, their families, and communities in all circumstances while committing to providing patient-centered care. In addition, the code states that nurses must advocate for the patient by defending a cause or recommendation to protect their rights,...
Ethical Standards I01:25

Ethical Standards I

The American Nurses Association (ANA) created and implemented the first nationally accepted Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements. The Code of Ethics is a living document regularly updated by the ANA and establishes an ethical standard that is non-negotiable for nurses in all roles and settings.
The Code of Ethics provisions outline the nurse's duty to the patient, the healthcare team, the profession, and society. The Code's fundamental principles include advocacy,...
Ethics and Bioethics01:22

Ethics and Bioethics

Ethics is a philosophical study of moral actions. Ethics attempts to determine what is valuable for individuals and society. It examines the rational justification of moral judgments and analyzes what is morally just, fair, and right. Bioethics is a sub-discipline of applied ethics that analyzes the philosophical, social, and legal issues in life sciences and medicine. Ethical theories serve as a foundation for decision-making and represent the viewpoints from which people seek direction. They...
Nursing Ethical Principles II01:27

Nursing Ethical Principles II

Ethical principles are essential in guiding nurses to fulfill their responsibilities, focusing on the quality of nursing care and decision-making. These principles, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, shape the ethical framework within healthcare settings.
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's cancer...

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Understanding community-based processes for research ethics review: a national study.

Nancy Shore1, Ruta Brazauskas, Elaine Drew

  • 1Westbrook College of Health Professions, School of Social Work, University of New England, Portland, ME 04103, USA. nshore@une.edu

American Journal of Public Health
|December 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Community ethics review processes ensure research benefits and protects communities, addressing issues often missed by institutional review boards (IRBs). These community-led initiatives strengthen ethical oversight in research.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Research Ethics
  • Community-Based Participatory Research

Background:

  • Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) primarily protect individual participants.
  • IRBs do not routinely assess community consent, risks, or benefits.
  • Community groups are developing their own ethics review processes for research conducted within their communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and describe community-led ethics review processes.
  • To strengthen the ethical review of community-engaged research.
  • To understand how communities engage in research oversight.

Main Methods:

  • An online survey was conducted in 2008.
  • Targeted US-based community groups and community-institutional partnerships involved in human-participants research.
  • 109 respondents with established ethics review processes were identified.

Main Results:

  • Community ethics review processes operate through partnerships, community organizations, health centers, and tribal groups.
  • Processes aim to ensure community engagement, benefit, and protection from harm.
  • Key benefits include community voice in study selection, relevance, feasibility, and capacity building.
  • Challenges include the time and resources required to support these processes.

Conclusions:

  • Community-based ethics review processes address community-level ethical considerations.
  • These community-level issues are often overlooked by institution-based IRBs.
  • Community engagement in research ethics review is crucial for equitable research practices.