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An Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry
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An Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

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Micronucleus assay in aquatic animals.

Claudia Bolognesi1, Makoto Hayashi

  • 1Environmental Carcinogenesis Unit, National Institute for Research on Cancer, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy. claudia.bolognesi@istge.it

Mutagenesis
|December 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary

The micronucleus (MN) test in aquatic organisms like fish and bivalves effectively detects genotoxicity from pollutants. This biomarker helps assess environmental mutagenic hazards and contaminant impacts across generations.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Aquatic pollutants cause widespread harm, from individual organisms to entire ecosystems, impacting biodiversity.
  • Carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds pose significant risks, with effects potentially spanning multiple generations.
  • Genotoxicity biomarkers in sentinel organisms are crucial for evaluating mutagenic hazards and contaminant pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the utility of the micronucleus (MN) test as a genotoxicity biomarker in aquatic species.
  • To review the application of the MN test in bivalves and fish for environmental monitoring.
  • To discuss the advantages and challenges of using the MN test in aquatic ecotoxicology.

Main Methods:

  • The micronucleus (MN) test quantifies accumulated genetic damage within cells.

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Automation of the Micronucleus Assay Using Imaging Flow Cytometry and Artificial Intelligence
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Published on: January 27, 2023

  • Studies primarily utilize bivalves (e.g., Mytilus) and fish as sentinel organisms.
  • Target tissues include haemocytes and gill cells in bivalves, and erythrocytes, gills, kidney, and liver in fish.

    • Main Results:

    • The MN test is a validated and widely applied technique for assessing genotoxic effects in aquatic environments.
    • Fish erythrocyte MN assay is preferred for its simplicity and non-lethal nature.
    • Significant interspecies variations in MN induction sensitivity necessitate further research.

    Conclusions:

    • The MN test is a powerful tool for assessing aquatic pollution and its genotoxic impacts.
    • Further validation is required to understand nuclear alterations and variability factors.
    • Continued application of MN testing in aquatic species is vital for environmental risk assessment.