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Related Concept Videos

Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
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Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
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Gastrulation

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Determination01:51

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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In contrast, determination...
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Imaging and Analysis of Tissue Orientation and Growth Dynamics in the Developing Drosophila Epithelia During Pupal Stages
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Published on: June 2, 2020

Boundary formation and maintenance in tissue development.

Christian Dahmann1, Andrew C Oates, Michael Brand

  • 1Biotechnology Center, BIOTEC and Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), Dresden University of Technology, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307 Dresden, Germany. dahmann@mpi-cbg.de

Nature Reviews. Genetics
|December 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Embryonic cell boundaries are crucial for development, ensuring distinct cell groups remain separate. Recent research highlights the role of physical forces in epithelial tissues for maintaining these vital developmental boundaries.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Formation and maintenance of boundaries between embryonic cell groups are essential for proper development.
  • Cellular boundaries separate distinct functional groups and act as organizing centers for signaling.
  • Boundary integrity influences downstream developmental patterning events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms underlying the formation and maintenance of embryonic cell boundaries.
  • To investigate the role of physical forces in epithelial tissues in establishing and preserving boundaries.
  • To provide new insights into how early developmental patterns translate into permanent anatomical structures.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent experimental findings.
  • Analysis of theoretical descriptions of boundary formation.
  • Focus on biophysical principles governing epithelial tissues.

Main Results:

  • Forces acting within epithelial tissues have emerged as a key principle in boundary maintenance.
  • Understanding these forces is critical for comprehending how early patterns become fixed anatomy.
  • Recent work offers new perspectives on classic questions regarding developmental boundaries.

Conclusions:

  • Physical forces in epithelial tissues play a significant role in maintaining embryonic cell boundaries.
  • This understanding advances the field of developmental biology by linking cellular mechanics to anatomical outcomes.
  • Further research into these forces will illuminate fundamental developmental processes.