Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...

Acid Halides to Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis

Acid Halides to Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis of acid halides is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction in which acid halides react with water to give carboxylic acids. The reaction occurs readily and does not require acid or a base catalyst.
As shown below, the mechanism involves a nucleophilic attack by water at the carbonyl carbon to form a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the reformation of the carbon–oxygen π bond along with the departure of a halide ion. A final proton transfer step yields carboxylic acid...

Esters to Carboxylic Acids: Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis

Esters to Carboxylic Acids: Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis of esters under acidic conditions proceeds through a nucleophilic acyl substitution. In the presence of excess water, the reaction proceeds in a reversible manner, forming carboxylic acids and alcohols.
During hydrolysis, the ester is first activated towards nucleophilic attack through the protonation of the carboxyl oxygen atom by the acid catalyst. The protonation makes the ester carbonyl carbon more electrophilic. In the next step, water acts as a nucleophile and adds to the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Probing the subtle differences between promethium and curium.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

Hierarchical Silica Composites for Enhanced Water Adsorption at Low Humidity.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2024

Same author

Observation of a promethium complex in solution.

Nature·2024

Same author

Enabling chloride salts for thermal energy storage: implications of salt purity.

RSC advances·2022

Same author

Sacrificial Synthesis of Supported Ru Single Atoms and Clusters on N-doped Carbon Derived from Covalent Triazine Frameworks: A Charge Modulation Approach.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2021

Same author

Perovskite Oxide-Halide Solid Solutions: A Platform for Electrocatalysts.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2021

Same journal

Lower bound of the capacitance of constant phase elements based on electrochemical impedance spectra.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Same journal

Stability constants of lanthanide-nitrate complexes in aqueous solutions: a theoretical study.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Same journal

Lead-free Cs<sub>3</sub>MnCl<sub>5</sub> and CsMnCl<sub>3</sub> crystals: rapid on-chip crystallization, phase transition and fluorescence sensing applications.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Same journal

F-Interstitial passivation preserves host-like optoelectronic properties in <sup>229</sup>Th:YLF nuclear-clock platforms.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Same journal

Structural trends of tryptophan dimer: hydrogen bonding <i>versus</i> π-stacking from an energy decomposition analysis perspective.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Same journal

Achieving high thermoelectric performance in Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>-alloyed GeTe through synergistic optimization of electrical and thermal transport.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Tuning the Acidity of Pt/ CNTs Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Diphenyl Ether

Tuning the Acidity of Pt/ CNTs Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Diphenyl Ether

Published on: August 17, 2019

Phosphorylated mesoporous carbon as a solid acid catalyst.

Richard T Mayes¹, Pasquale F Fulvio, Zhen Ma

¹Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP

|December 18, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers synthesized a novel phosphorylated mesoporous carbon solid-acid catalyst. This material offers enhanced chemical stability and improved access for larger molecules, showing promise for catalytic applications.

More Related Videos

Preparation of Highly Porous Coordination Polymer Coatings on Macroporous Polymer Monoliths for Enhanced Enrichment of Phosphopeptides

Preparation of Highly Porous Coordination Polymer Coatings on Macroporous Polymer Monoliths for Enhanced Enrichment of Phosphopeptides

Published on: July 14, 2015

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for Cu(II) Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for Cu(II) Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis

Published on: February 12, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Tuning the Acidity of Pt/ CNTs Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Diphenyl Ether

Tuning the Acidity of Pt/ CNTs Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Diphenyl Ether

Published on: August 17, 2019

Preparation of Highly Porous Coordination Polymer Coatings on Macroporous Polymer Monoliths for Enhanced Enrichment of Phosphopeptides

Preparation of Highly Porous Coordination Polymer Coatings on Macroporous Polymer Monoliths for Enhanced Enrichment of Phosphopeptides

Published on: July 14, 2015

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for Cu(II) Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for Cu(II) Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis

Published on: February 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Catalysis
Surface Chemistry

Background:

Mesoporous carbon materials offer excellent chemical stability.
Their porous structure can enhance mass transport and molecular accessibility in catalysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize a novel phosphorylated mesoporous carbon solid-acid catalyst.
To evaluate its potential as a catalyst support.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of phosphorylated mesoporous carbon.
Characterization using ammonia temperature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD).
Evaluation via isopropanol dehydration reactions.

Main Results:

Successful synthesis of the phosphorylated mesoporous carbon catalyst.
Characterization confirmed its solid-acid properties.
Demonstrated catalytic activity in isopropanol dehydration.

Conclusions:

Phosphorylated mesoporous carbon is a viable solid-acid catalyst support.
The material exhibits desirable properties for catalytic applications.