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Updated: Aug 13, 2026

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents
Published on: September 10, 2018
Economic assessments in randomized controlled trials
1Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, England.
Abstract:
When comparing costs and benefits of different medical strategies, cost-effectiveness analysis, cost-utility analysis and cost-benefit analysis may be used. Both direct and indirect costs and benefits must be considered. Integrating survival with a measure of quality of life such as a health status index permits calculation of quality of life adjusted years of survival (QALYS). In any trial where it is expected that a more expensive treatment is the most effective, a full economic assessment should be made. Examples are provided from the use of verapamil and propranolol in hypertension, naftidrofuryl in stroke and auranofin in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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