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A Standard and Reliable Method to Fabricate Two-Dimensional Nanoelectronics
Published on: August 28, 2018
In quest of a systematic framework for unifying and defining nanoscience
1Department of Chemistry, The National Dendrimer & Nanotechnology Center, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
Summary
This study proposes a framework to unify nanoscience by classifying well-defined nanoparticles as "nanoelements." These nanoelements exhibit atom-like properties, enabling the creation of "nanocompounds" with predictable periodic patterns and properties.
Area of Science:
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- Synthetic Chemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Traditional chemistry relies on a central paradigm for elemental and small-molecule classification.
- Nanoscience currently lacks a unified, systematic framework for defining and classifying nanomaterials.
- Understanding nanomaterial properties requires a structured approach analogous to atomic principles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a systematic framework for unifying and defining nanoscience.
- To introduce a classification roadmap for nanomaterials based on first principles.
- To establish a basis for a future nanoperiodic table.
Main Methods:
- Developing a classification roadmap dividing nanomatter into discrete and statistical categories.
- Focusing on Category I: well-defined nanoparticles (>90% monodisperse).
- Defining Critical Nanoscale Design Parameters (CNDPs): size, shape, surface chemistry, flexibility, and elemental composition.
Main Results:
- Categorizing well-defined nanoparticles as hard (inorganic) or soft (organic) nanoelements.
- Identifying atom mimicry features: 0D core-shell architectures, self-assembly into quantized nanounits, and nanoscale valencies/stoichiometries.
- Defining nanocompounds (H-n:H-n, S-n:S-n, H-n:S-n) formed by nanoelement combinations.
- Observing nanoperiodic property patterns in nanoelements and nanocompounds influenced by CNDPs, affecting physicochemical and functional properties.
Conclusions:
- The proposed framework offers a first step toward defining synthetic nanochemistry and unifying nanoscience.
- Nanoelements and nanocompounds exhibit quantized features and predictable periodic property patterns.
- Further development could lead to nanoperiodic tables for predicting risk/benefit boundaries in nanoscience.
