Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants
Published on: March 14, 2013
Cerebral and somatic venous oximetry in adults and infants
Erin A Booth1, Chris Dukatz, James Ausman
1Medical Science, Somanetics Corporation, Troy, USA.
Background:
The development in the last decade of noninvasive, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) analysis of tissue hemoglobin saturation in vivo has provided a new and dramatic tool for the management of hemodynamics, allowing early detection and correction of imbalances in oxygen delivery to the brain and vital organs.
Description:
The theory and validation of NIRS and its clinical use are reviewed. Studies are cited documenting tissue penetration and response to various physiologic and pharmacologic mechanisms resulting in changes in oxygen delivery and blood flow to the organs and brain as reflected in the regional hemoglobin oxygen saturation (rSO(2)). The accuracy of rSO(2) readings and the clinical use of NIRS in cardiac surgery and intensive care in adults, children and infants are discussed.
Conclusions:
Clinical studies have demonstrated that NIRS can improve outcome and enhance patient management, avoiding postoperative morbidities and potentially preventing catastrophic outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
Guidelines For Measuring Vital Signs
Before taking a patient's vital signs, a nurse would consider and assess the patient's comfort level and ensure appropriate equipment is available.
Pulse Oximetry
Purpose
Average SpO2 values are greater than 95%. If the readings fall below 90%, it indicates that...
Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation
Ensuring accuracy in vital sign recordings while prioritizing patient comfort and minimizing anxiety is important.
Blood Studies I: ABG and VBG
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) studies are crucial for assessing the lungs' ability to supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide, reflecting the patient's ventilation status. They also help understand the kidneys' capacity to reabsorb or...
Venous Return
What is Venous Return?
Venous return refers to the rate at which blood flows back to the heart from the body's peripheral veins. It's an integral part of the circulatory system as it...
Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this principle...

