Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Probiotics01:22

Probiotics

Probiotics are live, non-pathogenic microorganisms that confer health benefits by modulating the gut microbiota. The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex microbial ecosystem, and the balance of this microbiota is crucial for digestive and systemic health. Among the most extensively studied and utilized probiotics are species formerly classified within the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These organisms not only naturally colonize the human gut but are also consumed through...
Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics01:21

Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics

Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine by saving countless lives from bacterial infections. However, their widespread use has inadvertently harmed the delicate balance of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and maintaining intestinal health. Antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum types, disrupt this ecosystem by eradicating both harmful and beneficial...
Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota

The human gut microbiome includes a diverse array of microbial species, including beneficial commensals and opportunistic pathogens, which interact to support host health. These microbes contribute to essential functions such as nutrient metabolism, immune system modulation, and maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity. However, disruptions to this equilibrium—referred to as dysbiosis—can have widespread physiological consequences.Dysbiosis is often characterized by reduced microbial...
Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine

The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
Microbes in Food Production01:29

Microbes in Food Production

Microbial fermentation is central to food biotechnology, enhancing flavor, texture, preservation, and stability. Fermentative microorganisms metabolize carbohydrates into organic acids, alcohols, and other metabolites that inhibit spoilage organisms and improve digestibility while contributing distinctive sensory qualities.In baking, amylases naturally present in flour hydrolyze starch into monosaccharides such as glucose, which Saccharomyces cerevisiae ferments anaerobically. Through...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mechanism of Mutation in G Protein-Gated Inwardly Rectifying K<sup>+</sup> Channel in Familial Hyperaldosteronism-Type III: Residue Fluctuations and Conformational Instability.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Targeting the airway epithelium in RSV: opportunities for intervention.

Thorax·2026
Same author

Targeted pneumococcal conjugate vaccination strategies for high-risk children.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics·2026
Same author

Strain-specific differences in the response to egg-derived versus recombinant protein influenza vaccines.

Journal of virology·2026
Same author

Epidemiological, immunological and virulence characteristics of persistent Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine serotypes following vaccine introduction.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Cellular immune responses 12 months after fractional or standard dose BNT162b2 booster vaccination in Mongolian adults.

Frontiers in immunology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems
06:58

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems

Published on: August 23, 2019

Epigenome targeting by probiotic metabolites.

Paul V Licciardi1, Sook-San Wong1, Mimi Lk Tang1,2,3

  • 1Allergy and Immune Disorders, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.

Gut Pathogens
|December 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Probiotics modulate the gut microbiota, producing short-chain fatty acids like butyrate. These metabolites influence immune responses and may prevent inflammatory and allergic diseases through epigenetic mechanisms.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems
06:58

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems

Published on: August 23, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Intestinal microbiota is crucial for immune development and homeostasis.
  • Microbiota disturbances in infancy increase allergy and inflammation risk.
  • Microbial metabolites, like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), modulate immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms of probiotic effects on the gut microbiota.
  • To explore the role of SCFAs, such as butyrate, in mediating probiotic functions.
  • To examine the potential epigenetic modifications induced by probiotics and SCFAs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing in vivo models to study probiotic bacteria.
  • Analyzing microbiological, immunological, and epigenetic changes.
  • Leveraging advanced epigenetic technologies to understand probiotic actions.

Main Results:

  • Probiotics alter gut microbiota composition and SCFA production.
  • SCFAs, particularly butyrate, exhibit anti-inflammatory properties.
  • Probiotic-induced epigenetic modifications are hypothesized to explain their diverse effects.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding probiotic mechanisms, including epigenetic effects, is key.
  • This knowledge can lead to targeted therapies for inflammatory and allergic diseases.
  • Restoring microbiota balance through probiotics offers a promising therapeutic strategy.