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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...

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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients
03:47

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients

Published on: October 25, 2024

Pleural tuberculosis in children.

Gilberto B Fischer1, Cristiano Feijó Andrade, João Bonfadini Lima

  • 1Professor of Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde Porto Alegre, Rua coronel Bordini 830/509, CEP 90440-003. gbuenof@terra.com.br

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|December 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric pleural tuberculosis effusion (PTE) requires consideration in children over 5 with unexplained fluid buildup. Diagnosis involves pleural fluid analysis and imaging, with a good prognosis and no expected long-term effects.

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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Pleural tuberculosis effusion (PTE) is a significant diagnosis in pediatric patients presenting with isolated pleural effusions, particularly in non-toxemic children.
  • The condition is more prevalent in children older than 5 years, and a history of exposure to pulmonary tuberculosis in close contacts increases diagnostic suspicion.
  • Chest X-rays often reveal pleural effusion without parenchymal lesions, though intrathoracic disease may be present in 20-40% of cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic considerations for pleural tuberculosis effusion in children.
  • To highlight key diagnostic tools and prognostic factors associated with pediatric PTE.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering PTE in the differential diagnosis of pediatric pleural effusions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria for pediatric PTE.
  • Analysis of diagnostic tools including adenosine deaminase, interferon-gamma, pleural fluid analysis, and pleural biopsy.
  • Evaluation of the role of Tuberculin skin test in supporting the diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Pleural effusion without parenchymal lesions is a characteristic chest X-ray finding.
  • Diagnostic confirmation relies on pleural fluid analysis, adenosine deaminase, interferon-gamma levels, and pleural biopsy.
  • Tuberculin skin test can offer supportive evidence of tuberculous infection.

Conclusions:

  • Pleural tuberculosis effusion is a crucial diagnosis to consider in children, especially those over 5 years old with isolated pleural effusions and a history of exposure.
  • Effective diagnostic confirmation is achieved through a combination of imaging, pleural fluid analysis, and specific biomarkers.
  • Pediatric PTE generally carries a favorable prognosis with no anticipated long-term sequelae.