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Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Cognitive dysfunction in post-traumatic obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Manuela C Borges1, Daniela T Braga, Sandro Iêgo

  • 1Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. lfontenelle@gmail.com

The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
|December 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) developing after posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) shows unique neurocognitive deficits. Post-traumatic OCD (PsT-OCD) patients exhibit impaired visuospatial recognition linked to set-shifting difficulties.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating mental health condition.
  • The relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and OCD requires further investigation.
  • Identifying distinct subtypes of OCD may improve treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if post-traumatic OCD (PsT-OCD) presents a unique neurocognitive dysfunction pattern.
  • To differentiate the neurocognitive profiles of PsT-OCD from pre-traumatic OCD (PrT-OCD) and non-traumatic OCD (NonT-OCD).

Main Methods:

  • Neuropsychological assessments were conducted on patients with PsT-OCD (n=16), PrT-OCD (n=18), NonT-OCD (n=67), and healthy controls (n=17).
  • Tests included the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Iowa Gambling Task, Wechsler Memory Scales, Brief Visual Memory Test, and Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence.

Main Results:

  • OCD patients, as a group, demonstrated impaired set-shifting and memory functions.
  • Impaired set-shifting correlated with OCD symptom severity, except in PsT-OCD.
  • PsT-OCD patients uniquely showed impaired visuospatial recognition linked to set-shifting deficits.

Conclusions:

  • PsT-OCD is associated with a distinct neurocognitive dysfunction pattern.
  • Findings support the classification of PsT-OCD as a potential subtype of OCD.
  • This research may inform targeted interventions for PsT-OCD.