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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators

Ezocgabine or retigabine, an antiepileptic drug of remarkable efficacy, has revolutionized the management of seizures. It is a potassium channel activator, explicitly targeting the family of Q subtype potassium channels. It enhances the transmembrane potassium currents, regulating neuronal excitability. This action stabilizes the resting membrane potential, a pivotal factor in mitigating the hyperexcitability that characterizes epilepsy.
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators

γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
Benzodiazepines are a well-known class of drugs used for their...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane
07:24

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane

Published on: August 22, 2025

Ocular changes associated with topiramate.

Banu Turgut Ozturk1, Emine Genc, Mine Tokgoz

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey. ozturkbanuturgut@yahoo.com

Current Eye Research
|December 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Topiramate use in migraine patients caused a significant myopic shift and increased retinal nerve fiber layer thickness over 90 days. Further research is needed for long-term and higher-dose effects.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane
07:24

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane

Published on: August 22, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Topiramate is an anticonvulsant and migraine prophylactic medication.
  • Ocular side effects of topiramate, including acute myopia and angle-closure glaucoma, have been reported.
  • The impact of topiramate on refractive error and ocular structures requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate changes in refractive error, corneal parameters, anterior chamber dimensions, and retinal thickness in patients initiating topiramate therapy for migraine.
  • To assess the short-term (90-day) ocular effects of topiramate (50 mg/day).

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 38 patients (76 eyes) treated with topiramate for migraine.
  • Ophthalmological examinations included refractive error assessment, central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber volume (ACV), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and anterior chamber angle (ACA) measurements via Scheimpflug imaging.
  • Macular thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) were measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT).
  • Measurements were repeated at 15, 30, and 90 days post-initiation of topiramate.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant myopic shift was observed, with refractive error increasing from -0.25 D to -0.62 D by day 90 (P < 0.001).
  • Central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber parameters (ACV, ACD, ACA), and retinal thickness (RT) showed no statistically significant changes.
  • Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) significantly increased from baseline (100.56 µm) to 110.2 µm at day 30 (P = 0.01) and 111.03 µm at day 90 (P = 0.004).

Conclusions:

  • Short-term (3-month) topiramate therapy (50 mg/day) is associated with a significant myopic shift and increased RNFLT in migraine patients.
  • These findings suggest potential ocular changes with topiramate use.
  • Further studies are recommended to investigate the long-term effects and impact of higher topiramate doses on ocular health.