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Related Concept Videos

Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly01:19

Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly

As part of their replication cycle, certain viruses synthesize long precursor proteins called polyproteins within infected host cells. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), two major polyproteins are produced: Gag and Gag-Pol. The Gag polyprotein supplies the structural components of the virus, while Gag-Pol includes essential viral enzymes such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease. After synthesis, these polyproteins move to the host cell membrane, where they assemble into an...
Coat Assembly and GTPases01:33

Coat Assembly and GTPases

Vesicles incorporate different coat protein subunits in different cell locations, which changes the properties of the coat, such as the shape and geometry of the transport vesicles. Thus, vesicle coat proteins also play a significant role in cargo selection.
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Coronavirus

Coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), are enveloped viruses characterized by their single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome and helical nucleocapsid structure. The hallmark of these viruses is their club-shaped spike (S) glycoproteins that protrude from the viral envelope, facilitating attachment to host cells. Typically, coronaviruses infect the upper respiratory tract, often causing mild or asymptomatic disease. However, certain strains like...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors
16:49

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors

Published on: July 16, 2012

Assembly of hepatitis C virus particles.

Tetsuro Suzuki1

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan. tesuzuki@hama-med.ac.jp

Microbiology and Immunology
|December 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection leads to liver disease. This review details how lipid droplets and viral proteins are crucial for HCV assembly and infectious particle production.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Hepatology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer.
  • The development of cell culture systems has enabled research into HCV replication and assembly.
  • Lipid droplets and viral nonstructural proteins are increasingly recognized for their roles in HCV production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of HCV assembly and release.
  • To highlight the role of lipid droplets and viral proteins in HCV morphogenesis.
  • To summarize the maturation process of HCV structural proteins and the production of infectious viral particles.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on HCV assembly and morphogenesis.

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A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
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Correlative Light Electron Microscopy (CLEM) for Tracking and Imaging Viral Protein Associated Structures in Cryo-immobilized Cells
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Correlative Light Electron Microscopy (CLEM) for Tracking and Imaging Viral Protein Associated Structures in Cryo-immobilized Cells

Published on: September 7, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors
16:49

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors

Published on: July 16, 2012

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
13:04

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

Published on: June 26, 2014

Correlative Light Electron Microscopy (CLEM) for Tracking and Imaging Viral Protein Associated Structures in Cryo-immobilized Cells
09:18

Correlative Light Electron Microscopy (CLEM) for Tracking and Imaging Viral Protein Associated Structures in Cryo-immobilized Cells

Published on: September 7, 2018

  • Analysis of evidence regarding the function of lipid droplets and viral nonstructural proteins.
  • Synthesis of information on HCV structural protein maturation and infectious particle formation.

    • Main Results:

    • Lipid droplets are essential components in the assembly of HCV particles.
    • Viral nonstructural proteins are critical for the morphogenesis and release of infectious HCV.
    • Understanding these mechanisms provides insights into the viral life cycle.

    Conclusions:

    • Lipid droplets and viral nonstructural proteins are key players in HCV production.
    • Further research into these pathways can inform therapeutic strategies against HCV.
    • This review consolidates current understanding of HCV assembly and infectious particle generation.