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Related Concept Videos

Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

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An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

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A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...
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A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

A Mouse Model for Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Based on Needle-guided Asymmetric Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Stenosis
05:12

A Mouse Model for Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Based on Needle-guided Asymmetric Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Stenosis

Published on: November 22, 2024

[Vascular cognitive impairment].

Hanna Martha Boss1, Renske M van den Berg-Vos, Philip Scheltens

  • 1Sint Lucas Andreas Ziekenhuis, afd. Neurologie, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. m.boss@slaz.nl

Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde
|December 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is common and often overlooked, presenting as gradual cognitive decline and gait issues, not dementia after stroke. Early recognition and management of VCI are crucial to prevent serious complications.

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Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
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Published on: April 23, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gerontology
  • Public Health

Context:

  • Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is more prevalent than vascular dementia.
  • VCI is currently under-recognized in clinical practice.
  • VCI presents insidiously, often without a clear post-stroke dementia diagnosis.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the prevalence and distinct clinical presentation of VCI.
  • To emphasize the underlying pathologies of VCI, including white matter damage and silent strokes.
  • To underscore the importance of recognizing VCI for timely intervention.

Summary:

  • VCI manifests as gradual cognitive decline, potentially with gait disturbances, linked to white matter damage and silent strokes.
  • Patients with VCI face elevated risks of cardiovascular events, falls, and progressive cognitive deterioration, possibly leading to dementia.
  • Prompt identification of VCI is essential for implementing preventative strategies and managing associated risks.

Impact:

  • Improved recognition of VCI can lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment.
  • Addressing cardiovascular risk factors in VCI patients can mitigate further cognitive decline.
  • Preventing falls and managing complications associated with VCI can enhance patient outcomes and quality of life.